Highest Sageness -42

Vedic River Saraswati is real now

Marxist-Secularist dominated establishment to deny the existence of Saraswati River

Vedic River Saraswati is real now. Replying to a question by Prakash Javadekar, MP, in parliament, the government admitted that scientists have discovered water channels indicating "beyond doubt" the existence of the "Vedic Saraswati" citing conclusions of a study jointly conducted by scientists of ISRO, Jodhpur and the Rajasthan Government's Ground Water Department, published in the Journal of Indian Society of Remote Sensing. The study reports "clear signals of palaeo-channels on the satellite imagery in the form of a strong and powerful continuous drainage system in the North-West region and occurrence of archaeological sites of pre-Harappan, Harappan and post-Harappan ages beyond doubt indicate the existence of a mighty palaeo-drainage system of the Vedic Saraswati river in this region... The description and magnanimity of these channels also matches with the river Saraswati described in the Vedic literature." It is a significant shift of the government from its earlier position since UPA assumed power at the centre. The UPA government had earlier maintained that there was no trace of lost Vedic Saraswati River .
There have been consistent attempts by the Marxist-Secularist dominated establishment to deny the existence of Saraswati River attempting to dissociate Harappan civilization from mainstream Indian culture. Three years ago, senior CPI(M) leader and Politburo member Sitaram Yechury slammed the ASI for its efforts. A Parliamentary Standing Committee on Transport, Tourism and Culture, which he headed in 2006, said, "The ASI has deviated in its working and has failed in spearheading a scientific discipline of archaeology. A scientific institution like the ASI did not proceed correctly in this matter." The NDA government in June 2002 had announced excavations to trace the river's course which was vehemently criticized by the Marxist-Secularist academicians. Such approach is evident in almost every matter related to India 's glorious past wherein Marxist-Secularist camp tries to deprive India of its contribution to the world while seeking to perpetuate myths like Aryan-Dravidian divide to keep Indian society divided. Although the government admitting the existence of Vedic Saraswati River might be causing a lot of heartburn but faced with the facts Saraswati is now real for them too.
(source: Vedic River Saraswati is real now - voi.org).

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How to have your Aryan Invasion and not admit it

The answer is that the Vedic peoples are referred to repeatedly in the Rig as the ‘Aryas’ and that from this is a great and sustained error of orthodox historical scholarship was spawned. Even though the adjective ‘Aryan’ in ancient Sanskrit actually means ‘noble’ or ‘cultured’ – and therefore the Aryas are essentially the “noble” or cultured” folk’, and thus as easily a religious cult as an ethnic group – it was assumed by historians and archaeologists that they were a race and that they had invaded India around 1500 BC. Known as the ‘Aryan invasion theory’, this error was only brought to light and dropped from official curricula during the last quarter of the 20^th century. Because it has far-reaching implications, and requires the wholesale rewriting of canonical academic texts and standard works of reference, it is the kind of error that historians are not normally eager to admit.  

The Aryan Invasion theory can itself be traced back to an idea that had already planted roots by the beginning of the 19^th century. It was then that a number of Western scholars began to notice that Sanskrit, the classical language in which the Vedas are written, and its modern relatives have close affinities with modern and ancient European languages, such as Latin, Greek, English, Norwegian and German. Fairly soon a predictable doctrine began to take form. 

‘This explains, Gregory Possehl, had to do with the Aryan race, proposed to be the people who spoke the language of the Indo-European family. European intellectuals and moral superiority was a foregone conclusion to most savants of the 19^th and early 20^th century. The success of European Imperialism, Christianity and the Industrial Revolution proved that. Like all resilient bad ideas, the Aryan invasion theory survived what should have been critical evidence against it by adapting. Although the chronology had to be increasingly stretched to fit in with the new archaeological discoveries, historians were for a long while able to cling on to the notion of an invasion by ‘Aryan’ hordes in the second millennium BC. 

Gregory Possehl was able to write the definitive obituary to the Aryan invasion hypothesis in his massive tome Indus Age: 

“In the end there is no reason to believe today that there ever was an Aryan race that spoke Indo-European languages and was possessed of a coherent or well-defined set of Aryan or Indo-European cultural features.”

Outside the cozy Pall Mall club of Western scholarship, Indian academics have been forthright in contemplating direct links between the Indus-Sarasvati civilization and the Vedic texts. 

(source:  Underground: The Mysterious Origins of Civilization – By Graham Hancock   p. 94 - 102)

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DNA study: European Genes went from India

More nails in the coffin of the Aryan invasion fairy-tale. how ironically appropriate that it should be a Macaulay.

By studying the DNA of an ancient people in Malaysia, a team of geneticists says it has illuminated many aspects of how modern humans migrated from Africa.

The geneticists say there was only one migration of modern humans out of Africa; that it took a southern route to India, Southeast Asia and Australia; and that it consisted of a single band of hunter-gatherers, probably just a few hundred people strong. Because these events occurred in the last Ice Age, when Europe was at first too cold for human habitation, the researchers say, it was populated only later, not directly from Africa but as an offshoot of the southern migration. The people of this offshoot would presumably have trekked back through the lands that are now India and Iran to reach the Near East and Europe. The findings depend on analysis of mitochondrial DNA, a type of genetic material inherited solely through the female line. They are reported today in Science by a team of geneticists led by Dr. Vincent Macaulay of the University of Glasgow.

(source:  DNA Study Yields Clues on First Migration of Early Humans - nytimes.com May 13, 2005, Friday)

India's Cultural Unity
The name Bharatvarsha has a deep historical significance, symbolizing, a fundamental unity. This name together with the sense of unity imparted by it "was ever present before the mind of the theologians, political philosophers and poets who spoke of the thousand Yojanas (Leagues) of land that stretches from the Himalayas to the sea as the proper domain of a single universal emperor". 

Although the Raj claimed the credit for India’s political unification, the sub-continent had a geo-political unity that dated back 2000 years before the British conquest to the Hindu-Buddhist Mauryan empire. The Maurya emperors had united most of the sub-continent under their rule between the fourth and second centuries BC; and their imperial ideal was echoed from the fourth to sixth centuries AD by a later Hindu dynasty the Guptas.

(source: Indian Tales of the Raj - By Zareer Masani  p. 7).

According to Jawaharlal Nehru: "Right from the beginning, culturally India has been one, because she had the same background, the same traditions, the same religions, the same heroes and heroines, the same old tales, the same learned language (Sanskrit), the village panchayats, the same ideology, and polity. To the average Indian the whole of India was a kind of punya-bhumi - a holy land - while the rest of the world was largely  peopled by mlechchhas and barbarians.

Sankaracharya chose the four corners of India for his maths, or the headquarters of his order of sanyasins, shows how he regarded India as a cultural unit. And the great success which met his campaign all over the country in a very short time also shows how intellectual and cultural currents traveled rapidly from one end of the country to another." 
(source: Glimpses of World History - By Jawaharlal Nehru p. 129). 
Dr. Radhakrishnan: "In spite of the divisions, there is an inner cohesion among the Hindu society from the Himalayas to the Cape Comorin." 
(source: The Hindu View of Life - By Sir. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan p. 73-77). 
Girilal Jain, late editor of Times of India: " It is about time we recognize that we are not a nation in the European sense of the term, that is, we are not a fragment of a civilization claiming to be a nation on the basis of accidents of history which is what every major European nation is. We are a people primarily by virtue of the continuity and coherence of our civilization which has survived all shocks. And though inevitably weakened as a result of foreign invasions, conquests and rule for almost a whole millennium, it is once again ready to resume its march." 
(source: Hindu Phenomenon - By Girilal Jain  p. 21). For more refer to Vedic Roots of Early Tamil Culture - By Michel Danino.
Aryan-Dravidian Kinship
M. Vaitialingam has observed:

"The Indus-Valley civilization is now accepted as the earliest civilization found on the  Indian soil. It was an urban civilization, no doubt. We are not sure of the creators of this civilization. Some say it was the “Dravidians.” But “Aryans” and “Dravidians” are concepts comparatively very modern which were created by philologists of the 19^th century. The Indus Valley people had nothing to do with them. What is more surprising that the Gods of the Indus Valley people are also the Gods of the Vedas and are Gods of the Hindu religion worshipped to this day a fact which has compelled the writers of ‘An Advanced History of India’ (Dr. Majumdar, Dr. Raychaudhari and Dr. Datta) to say “We must therefore hold that there is an organic relationship between the Indus-Valley and the Hinduism of today.  

Shiva, one of the chief deities of the Indus Valley people has an important place in the Vedic patheon, and ‘not a minor place’ in the Vedas as the learned authors hold. In the heart of Yajur Veda, which is one of the three important Vedas, and which occupied a middle place among them, we find a collection of mantras called ‘Satarudriya or Sri Rudram which is the life center of the Vedas, and the holy ‘Pachaksharam’ of the Saiva religion is in the very heart and center of Sri Rudram. 

According to modern theorists, the Tamils are supposed to be the descendants of the “Dravidians” of the Indus-Valley. But the ancient literature of the Tamils, the Sangam Literature, does not mention the name Shiva even once; whereas in Sri Rudram the word Shiva and the feminine form Sivaa, are mentioned several times. Yet Shiva is called a “Dravidian God!

Indra occupies a prominent place in Rig Veda. He is invoked alone in about ¼ of the hymns of the Rig Veda, far more than are addressed to any other deity. He is considered by Western Indologists as the national hero of the Vedic “Aryans”. This Aryan hero was also the God of the ancient Tamils – the “Dravidians.” Temples were built in ancient times in Tamilnadu for worshipping Indra. Grand festivals were celebrated by the Tamil kings in honor of Indra, the “the national hero of the Aryans.’ Indra was so much cherished by the Tamil people, that priority of worship was given to him in the great Epic Silappadikaram’ – the epic of the Anklet. Besides, references to Indra worship are found in Tholkapiam (600 BCE) Purananuru, Paripadal Aingurunuru and Pattupaddu, all belonging to the Sangam period. Certainly Seran Senguttuvan, his brother Illango Adikal, and, above all, the great Sangam Poets were not naïve as to accept Indra the lord of the Aryans who were the enemies of the Dravidians as their God, How can historians reconcile these contradictory views? 

What did the Dravidians do after they were defeated and driven out? 

The Western historians would have us believe that -  All those who escaped the destruction migrated southwards, crossed the central mountain ranges, entered the Deccan plateau, settled down there and started building temples for Indra, the national hero of their inveterate enemy, the ‘Aryans’, and began to honor him with grand festivals, all as a reward, for driving them out of their habitat. So naïve are they! "

(source: Perennial Hindu Culture and The Twin Myths – By M. Vaitialingam The Thirumaka Press. 1980 p. 22-37).

The AIT theory requires that the early Rigvedic peoples had no worthwhile knowledge of the ocean or of maritime trade. It reduces them to a nomadic land-based people who had never even seen the sea. But there is a major problem confronting this theory. The Rig Veda alone has more than 150 references to samudra, the common Sanskrit term for ocean, weaving it into its cosmology and the functions of almost every main God that it has. Witzel tries to explain away this problem by arguing that practically all the occurrences of the word samudra in the Rigveda refer to something other than a real terrestrial ocean. In other words he redefines samudra as something other than the sea. Witzel’s theory also requires ignoring the Sarasvati river, clearly referred to in the Rigveda as a major, exalted river. The Sarasvati was the main river of Harappan civilization and mainly dried up around 1900 BCE, contributing significantly to the civilization’s end. Witzel has to do considerable theatrics to ignore the numerous references to Sarasvati in the Rigveda and in other Vedic texts as the oldest and most sacred river of the Vedic people, in order to ‘prove’ his theory that the Aryans arrived from Central Asia a long time after the collapse of the Harappan civilization.

(source: Witzel's Vanising Ocean - by David Frawley). Watch Scientific verification of Vedic knowledge

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South Indian traditions make no mention of any confrontation with supposed Aryans, followed by a migration from North to South. 
Quite the contrary, ancient Tamil tradition traces its origins to a submerged island or continent, Kumari Kandam, situated to the south of India. The Tamil epics Shilappadikaram and Manimekhalai provide glorious descriptions of the legendary city and port of Puhar, which the second text says was swallowed by the sea. As in the case of Dwaraka, (please refer to chapter on Dwaraka), initial findings at and off Poompuhar, at the mouth of the Cauvery, show that there may well be a historical basis to this legend: apart from several structures excavated near the shore, such as brick walls, water reservoirs, even a wharf (all dated 200-300 B.C.), a few years ago a structure tantalizingly described as a "U-shaped stone structure" was found five kilometers offshore, at a depth of twenty-three meters; it is about forty meters long and twenty wide, and fishermen traditionally believed that a submerged temple existed at that exact spot. If the structure is confirmed to be man-made (and not a natural formation), its great depth would certainly push back the antiquity of Puhar. Only more systematic explorations along Tamil Nadu's coast, especially at Poompuhar, Mahabalipuram, and around Kanyakumari (where fishermen have long reported submerged structures too) can throw more light on the lost cities, and on the traditions of Kumari Kandam, which some have sought to identify with the mythical Lemuria. 
Not only that, the descriptions of Puhar in the two Epics are replete with temples and gods. The Shilappadikaram, the older of two (c. first or second century BC), relates the beautiful and tragic story of Kannagi and Kovalan; it opens with invocations to Chandra, Surya, and Indra, all of them Vedic Gods, and frequently mentions Shiva, Subrahmanya, Vishnu and Krishna
Then we have the tradition that regards Agastya, the great Vedic Rishi, as the originator of the Tamil language. He is said to have written a Tamil grammar, Agattiyam, to have presided over the first two Sangams, and is even now honored in many temples of Tamil Nadu and worshipped in many homes. One of his traditional names is "Tamil muni." The Shilappadikaram refers to him as "the great sage of the Pondiya hill," and a hill is still today named after him at the southernmost tip of the Western Ghats. The legend of the birth of Tamil is both delightful and rich in meaning. Aeons ago, people from the south flocked to the North, not in a Dravidian invasion, mercifully, but to attend the wedding of Lord Shiva and Uma on Mount Kailash; such was the multitude that there was fears the earth might tilt over. Appeals were made to Lord Shiva, who, ever compassionate, asked Rishi Agastya to go south: though he was of small stature, his spiritual power was such that his very presence would be enough to restore the earth's balance. Agastya agreed to go with his wife Lopamudra, but asked Lord Shiva to instruct him first in the mysteries of the language of the South. Shiva, placing Agastya to his left and Panini, another Rishi, to his right, seized a drum and started beating it with his two hands. From the sounds that flowed from the right, Panini gave shape to Sanskrit, while Agastya turned the sounds from the left to Tamil. We have a good example of how tradition could conceal ancient knowledge: is this legend not telling us that Tamil and Sanskrit flow from the same source? 
The earliest extant Sangam text, the Tamil grammar Tolkappiyam, is "said to have been modeled on the Sanskrit grammar of the Aindra school," according to historian K. A. Nilakanta Shastri. Its text, says N. Raghunathan, shows that "the great literature of Sanskrit and the work of its grammarians and rhetoricians were well known and provided stimulus to creative writers in Tamil."
In historical accounts, we find Chola and Chera kings proudly claiming descent from Lord Rama or from Kings of the Lunar dynasty - in other words, an " Aryan" descent. We are told that the greatest Chola king, Karikala, was a patron of both the Vedic religion and Tamil literature, while Pandya king Nedunjelyun performed many Vedic sacrifices. The first named Chera king, Udiyanjeral, is said to have sumptuously fed the armies of both sides during the Bharata War at Kurukshetra. An inscription records that a Pandya king led the elephant force in the Great War on behalf of the Pandavas, and that early Pandyas translated the Mahabharata into Tamil. 
Thus, we may certainly speak of a distinct Tamil culture, a distinct Malayalam culture, just as we can speak of a distinct Gujarati or Bengali culture. But distinctiveness is not separateness. Each rich regional cultures of India are just various branches of a single tree having its own individuality, yet without being "separate": they cannot live apart from the tree, and without them the tree would be seriously endangered. 
(source: The Invasion That Never Was - By Michel Danino and Sujata Nahar). For more refer to Vedic Roots of Early Tamil Culture - By Michel Danino.

The Racial Question in India 

“The term race is a mental product, a concept having no objective existence, apart from man’s mind. Only individuals are real.” Said Topinard.

A great Tamil Sangam poet sang centuries ago “All the world is one and all mankind is kin; good and evil are of one’s own making and not caused by others”. A fact which politicians may refuse to concede. 

“Americans are not a race, nor are Frenchmen, nor Germans; nor ipso facto is any other national group. Muslims and Jews are no more races than are Roman Catholics and Protestants…nor are people who live in Iceland or Britain or India or who speak English or any other language (whether Tamil or Sinhalese) or who are culturally Turkish or Chinese and the like, thereby describable as races.” 

An Englishman traveling in the U.S.A. finds that he is commonly recognized as English and the American in Europe is also recognized as such but that does not mean that there is an ‘English race’ or an ‘American race.’  

A Tamil from South India or Sri Lanka traveling in North India may be easily recognize as a Tamil, in spite of the fact that the Tamil speaking group has a cultural and religious tradition common to all the linguistic groups in India. This does not mean that there is a ‘Tamil race’ or a ‘Dravidian race.’

The ‘Dravidian race’ is an utter swindle of pseudo-scientific cloak for political and economic exploitation.  

“A racial type is but an artificial concept, though long continued geographical isolation does tend to produce a general uniformity of appearance’.

Fredrich Muller put it more bluntly when he declared “Race is an empty phrase, an utter swindle.” 

(source: Illusion of National Character – By  Hamilton Fyfe. Thinkers Library. Page 47).  For more refer to Vedic Roots of Early Tamil Culture - By Michel Danino.

Before the arrival of the British, there was no racial problem in India. The fundamental unity of India is emphasized by the name Bharata-Varsha or land of Bharata given to the whole country in the Epics and the Puranas, and the designation of Bharati Santati or the descendents of Bharata applied to the whole people. Vishnu Purana II-3-1 says: 

“The country that lies north of the ocean and south of the snowy mountains is called Bharata; there dwell descendents of Bharata.” 

Bishop Caldwell named the languages of the south as Dravidian. That Tamil or some old form of it was spoken throughout India is evident from Valmiki Ramayana where we find Sita conversing with Hanuman in a language different from Sanskrit, the language of the twice-born (Brahmin) in which Ravana spoke; and Sri Rama and his brother were conversing freely with Sugreeva and Vali. But the most surprising fact is that, according to Valmiki, Hanuman was a great Vedic scholar, well-versed in Vyakarana and in Sama Veda, an opinion expressed by Sri Rama also. These facts evidently show that throughout India, there were people who could freely speak both Sanskrit and Tamil, and that Vedas were studied throughout India by all communities from the remote past.  

(source: Perennial Hindu Culture and The Twin Myths – By M. Vaitialingam The Thirumaka Press. 1980 p. 58-67).
Refer to QuickTime trailer and Part One of the film The God Awful Truth.


Harmful Theory
The Aryan theory has done great harm to the world. The Nazis used a mutilated version of this theory to exterminate Jews and sundry other nationalities in Europe. It also did considerable harm to the Indian society. It created the mistaken impression among the western-educated Indians that the North is Aryan and the South, Dravidian. Some Indians rejected the Hindu religion as an "Aryan" belief. Since it was implied that the so called upper castes were somehow "Aryan" (mostly on account of loaded interpretations of certain suktas in the Rg Veda), it also accentuated the vertical schisms in the society caused by the caste system.
A noted Western archaeologist specializing in ancient India, James Schaffer of Case Western University as part of his new article, 'Migration, Philology and South Asian Archaeology', soon to appear in Aryan and Non-Aryan in South Asia: Evidence, Interpretation and History, edited by Bronkhorst and Deshpande, University of Michigan Press.

The Aryan invasion theory, as Schaffer notes, arose from a Euro centric view that was hostile to an Indic basis for Western civilization or peoples. The discovery of close affinities between the Indo-European languages in the eighteenth century required an explanation. By placing the original Aryans in Europe, who later migrated to India where they got absorbed by the indigenous population, it took away any need to connect the ancient Europeans with India, which was not pleasing to the colonial mindset. The theory eventually developed an anti-Semitic tone.

It was used to trace Western culture not to the Jews and their Biblical accounts but to a proposed European homeland dominated by Nordic peoples. Thus the invasion theory became one of the pillars for Nazi historians, yet strangely the Communists in India have become strong supporters of the theory and accuse those who question it of being fascists!. 
This theory is being challenged by two new discoveries, one archaeological and the other linguistic. Firstly, in the Rig Veda, the Ganges, India's sacred river, is only mentioned once, but the mythic Saraswati is praised fifty times. For a long time, the Saraswati river was indeed considered a myth, until the American satellite Landstat was able to photograph and map the bed of this magnificent river, which was nearly 14 km wide and took its source in the Himalayas. Archaeologist Paul-Henri Francfort, who studied the Saraswati region at the beginning of the Nineties, found out that the Saraswati had "disappeared", because around 2200 B.C., an immense drought reduced the whole region to aridity and famine. "Thus", he writes, "most inhabitants moved away from the Saraswati to settle on the banks of the Indus and Sutlej rivers". 

(source: http://www.indian-express.com/ie/daily/19990927/iex27012.html).
A Delhi-based columnist, Veeresh Malik, who writes for www.chowk.com  (a website run by Pakistanis based in the US), responded to the Agra summit in this way:
“The simple single solution is that Pakistan should declare itself to be a Vedic nation. India should declare itself to be another Vedic nation. People can then go home or to the temple or the mosque to practise whatever religion they want to consider here is a Nation. It has on one side the Hindukush mountain range. It has Harrappa, translated as ‘The city protected by Lord Shiva’, which if anything was the centre of Vedic civilisation..
This nation was one of the oldest religions and cultures in the world, but thanks to colonial history books, got stuck with a myth that it was ‘invaded’ by the Aryans from the Kazakhistan-Uzbekistan region. It used to practise a religion referred to as ‘Vedic Dharm’, later on given the name ‘Hinduism’ by foreigners. The main prayer of the Vedic Dharm, also known as the Gayatri Mantra, originated from this region, and was, ‘Aum bhu-bhva svah tat sevitr varay niyem bargoh de vas ya dhi ma hi diyeo yo na prachodayat’. Or, ‘O Lord, Thou are the protector of life and of breath, dispeller of miseries and bestower of happiness. Thou are the creator and the most acceptable intelligence, possessing eternal qualities. May Thine qualities and Thy inspiration pass to us.’ Brevity. Surprisingly similar sentiments are found in the Holy Koran, as in other holy books. It has one of its main cities named after Bhagwan Ram’s son, Lav, and the main fort there was constructed by the ancient Hindu Kingdom of Singhapura, by the way. After all, how many Singapores can we have? But can anybody deny the existence and spread of the Gandhara Empire, which spread Vedic culture to Central Asia? Nahrankot, Shalkot, Pushkalavati, were these Sanskrit names with Vedic histories?”

(source: The Vedic Solution - By Rahan Ansari  - Mid-Day July 19, 2001

"But this "theory" stood on a wobbly foundation to begin with, because of its excessively literal and somewhat naive reading of the Rg Veda. And it has been getting more and more shaky ever since, with each passing year, as more and more archaeological evidence comes to light; indicating quite clearly that the "invasion", if any, could not possibly have happened in the way that earlier generations of historians had "discovered" in and between the lines of the literature studied by them; or, for that matter in the "theories" of the Aryan invasion that modern historians have since been concocting to explain away the differences between the ancient literature (what little they knew of it), and the "hard" archaeological evidence, and the "soft" interpretations based on it, that has/have now become so abundantly available." says Sudhanshu Ranade  (source: The Hindu Sunday, August 05, 2001).

Racial theories and pseudo-science continue to be vigorously employed today by the Vatican and other Western evangelist enterprises in their ongoing campaign to harvest souls for Christianity. But it is not only in the remote corners of the Third World where the unexamined "truths" of Max Muller and his missionary-scholar contemporaries are still used as weapons of propaganda. Aryan Race Theory is alive and well in the United States.

Take, for instance, white supremacist David Duke, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan (founder, 1974); who in one of his recent books speaks of the hordes of Aryans pouring into ancient  India: 

"Aryans, or Indo-Europeans (Caucasians) created the great Indian, or Hindu civilization. Aryans swept over the Himalayas to the Indian subcontinent and conquered the aboriginal people. (. . .) The word Aryan has an etymological origin in the word Arya from Sanskrit, meaning noble. The word also has been associated with gold, the noble metal, and denoted the golden-skinned invaders (as compared to the brown-skinned aboriginals) from the West. (. . .) The conquering race initiated a caste system to preserve their status and their racial identity. The Hindu word for caste is Varna, which directly translated into English means color."

Never mind that Duke is only regurgitating a spurious and discredited interpretation of history. 

The lies of Aryan Race Theory are as useful for white supremacists today as they were for the Christian missionaries a century ago in their campaign not only to convert the infidels but also to justify the colonization of "heathen Hindoostan."

(source: The Missionary's Swastika: Racism as an Evangelical Weapon - By Aravindan Neelakandan.S). Refer to Jesus Christ: Artifice for Aggression - By Sita Ram Goel

Aryan Invasion and Caste system
Colonial Mischief: De-Linking Tribes from the Hindu society by the British Empire

During the freedom struggle, Mahatma Gandhi and other nationalist leaders expressed displeasure at the mischief perpetrated by colonial administrators among backward and disadvantaged sections, and stoutly affirmed that tribals constituted an inalienable part of Hindu society. 

Colonial rhetoric not withstanding, tribals have never been passive recipients of Hindu upper class (what Max Mueller labeled as Brhamanical) cultural models, but have rather contributed actively and enormously to the infinite variety of India’s civilization from its primordial beginnings. The colonial state insisted that Brahmins, peasants, untouchables and tribals were separate groups with distinct customs and beliefs, and that Brahmins sought to subjugate all others to establish their hegemony. Special attempts were made to delink tribals from the main body of Hindu society through imposition of racial categories and subterfuges in Census classifications. 

Creating a Division in Hindu Society
Animism  - Disparaging terms to denote Nature Worship?

Colonial anthropologists introduced a division in society by designating or ‘scheduling’ whole groups as tribes. Disregarding centuries-old intimate ties between caste Hindu and casteless tribal society, they classified the tribals as ‘Animist’. Animism was another disparaging term, used to denote the worship of spirits and forces of nature as opposed to a ‘true’ (monotheistic) god. 

This bias persists in Western thought to this day, and rather than being debunked as a phoney concept, animism is even now described as the belief that natural phenomenon are endowed with ‘life’ or ‘spirit,’ and as the tendency to attribute supernatural or spiritual characteristics to plants, geological features, climatic phenomena and so on.

Little wonder then that Mahatma Gandhi bemoaned: “We were strangers to this sort of classification – animists, aborigines, etc., but we have learnt from the English rulers.” When the missionary Dr. Chesterman queried if this objection applied to the ‘animist’ aboriginal races of the Kond hills, Gandhi insisted, “Yes, it does apply, because I know that in spite of being described as animists these tribes have from time immemorial been absorbed in Hinduism. They are, like the indigenous medicine, of the soil, and their roots lie deep there.”  

In 1901, the British government directed census officers to designate the religion of Adivasis as “animism.” Census officers found that it was virtually impossible to distinguish between an animist and a Hindu in practice, as they all worshipped God in many forms. The result was that a community was listed as “animist” in one census and as “Hindu” in another. 

H H Risley concluded that it was impossible to differentiate between Hinduism and Animism as each merged imperceptibly into the other. Hinduism itself was animism more or less transformed by philosophy.” E A Gait observed in his 1901 Report on the Lower Provinces of Bengal and their Feudatories: “The dividing lines between Hinduism and Animism is uncertain. Hinduism does not, like Christianity and Islam, demand of its votaries the rejection of all other religious beliefs; and …amongst many of the lower castes of Hindus the real working religion derives its inspiration, not from the Vedas, but from the non-Aryan beliefs of the aborigines…” 

Tormented at the near impossibility of such an endeavor, Sedgwick, Superintendent of the Census of 1921 for Bombay, asserted: “I have, therefore no hesitation in saying that Animism as a religion should be entirely abandoned, and that all those hitherto classed as Animists should be grouped with Hindus at the next census.”

***

The Mahabharata epitomizes the Indian genre of historical literature, known as Itihasa. It is the country’s most famous history and epic poem. The German Indologist Hermann Oldenberg observed: “In the Mahabharata breathe the united soul of India and the individual souls of her people.” The Mahabharata itself states that that which is not found here cannot be found elsewhere, so comprehensive is its treatment of dharma and the philosophy of life.  

A warped notion of India’s pre-colonial past is the thus a continuing legacy of colonialism. Crispin Bates states that race rested upon the unshakeable premise that the modern European, particularly the Briton, was superior to all other races. Racism is apparently the academic contribution of European biologists, and this fact may explain the propagation of racial theories as ‘scientific.’  In the 1830’s the American joined the racial debate with the ‘science’ of anthropometry. The physician S G Morton and theoretician Louis Agassiz justified slavery by asserting that the human races were created as entirely separate species. He ranked Whites as the most intelligent race, American Indians as less intelligent. Hindus as even less intelligent; and Negroes as the stupidest. 

It was from such shoddy myths that the British developed more sophisticated racial theories about castes and tribes. Caste was also used as an instrument of social engineering. Some of most difficult tribes were declared ‘criminal’ and subjected to laws such as the notorious Criminal Tribes Act of 1871.  

Colonial anthropologists influenced by the race theories arising out of their intervention in Africa, sought to apply similar categories to India as well. Determined to fit a square peg into a round hole, they arbitrarily labeled large numbers of autochthonous groups as ‘tribes’ and thus created an entirely new social category, even though the word ‘tribe’ did not have an equivalent in several native Indian languages. Moving in concert with highly motivated missionaries, the formally religiously “neutral” officials of the East India Company executed masterly strokes to delink whole sections of society, such as tribals and Harijans (Dalits), from Hindu society. 

(source: Adi Deo Arya Devata – By Sandhya Jain p. 2 - 235). For more refer to Glimpses XV. For more refer to chapter on European Imperialism and Conversion and Nature Worship. Also refer to Towards Balkanisation, V: Adivasis - By Varsha Bhosle - rediff.com). Refer to Jesus Christ: Artifice for Aggression - By Sita Ram Goel
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Dr. Ambedkar stands along with Sri Aurobindo and Swami Vivekananda in rejecting the racial interpretation of the caste system. But Indian 'secularists', Marxists as well as British colonialists accept the racial interpretation of the caste system. 
It is an irony that the followers of E. V. Ramasamy who call themselves rationalists often share the dais with anti-evolutionist Christian and Muslim fundamentalists.
ndian historian Devendra Swarup has remarked:
"Wilson, Max Muller and Whitney all tried to trace the origin of the caste system in the Aryan invasion theory and thus declared the Brahmins as the pure descendents of the Aryan invaders inventing the caste system for perpetuation of their supremacy (over the native inhabitants)"  
In support of this line, attempts were made to equate caste with race and classify the entire Indian population along several racial types by measuring imaginary features of their skulls and noses. From such pseudo-science, it followed that the lower castes and the Dravidians, both victims of the Aryan "oppressors," were to be encouraged to rebel and reject every "Aryan import," beginning of course with Hinduism - such indeed has been the ideological foundation of Tamil Nadu's Dravidian movement. 
Moreover, Christianity, shown to be more "egalitarian," was projected as the natural "liberating" force for those sections of Indian society, among which mass conversions did take place as a result. 
According to columnist Sandhya Jain: 
"The determined bid by Christian evangelists to take caste-based discrimination in India to the UN World Conference against Racism (WCAR) has inspired leftists, liberals and human rights activists into a frenzy of verbiage and sanctimoniousness. Yet, for all the anti-caste rhetoric we have been subjected to these past few months, nothing substantial has emerged to assuage bruised Dalit consciousness and offer a way out of the vicious cycle of caste-based violence that has undeniably increased in recent times. Hence, while the run up to Durban has put the international spotlight on the Dalit issue, there has been no internal soul-searching on the question."
The Christian demand to include caste as a form of racism aims at overcoming the resistance of modern educated Dalits to convert to Christianity. Indeed, the American pediatrician, Michael Bamshad's recent claim about the European paternity of upper caste Indians and Asian paternity of the lower castes was a pathetic attempt to provide a 'scientific' link between race and caste. Since the study was shoddily executed, its co-authors dissociated themselves from it when challenged by fellow academics. Its purpose, of course, was to equate caste and racial discrimination, so that the Indian Government could be compelled under international pressure to extend the benefits of reservations in education and jobs to Dalit Christians.

(source: Dalits through the looking glass - By Sandhya Jain). Refer to Jesus Christ: Artifice for Aggression - By Sita Ram Goel
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The discredited Aryan invasion theory has again been taken up by Michael Bamshad of Utah University.
Indian Caste Groups Have Differing Genetic Relationships to Europeans and Asians - By Michael Bamshad - May 11, 2001 – A new study of genetic data shows that the ancestors of Indian men came from different parts of the world than those of Indian women and produced modern upper caste Indian populations that are genetically more similar to Europeans and lower caste populations that are more similar to Asians....

Commenting on this study, author, Dr. N. S. Rajaram says: 
"Now, thanks to Bamshad & Co, this discredited notion as well as the Marxist Class-to-Caste Law has become scientific! If their theory (based on a sample from Vishakapatnam) has any validity at all, then Brahmins and Kshatriyas all over India must have some common physical features indicating their European ancestry. But they do not. For example, Brahmins and Kshatriyas in Kerala look like Keralites, those from Assam look like Assamese and those from Kashmir look like Kashmiris. This diversity goes to show that the Indian population is ancient, having lived in the same region long enough to have adopted to the environment by natural selection. What they have in common are certain cultural traits modified by regional factors like language, dress and food. These are acquired characteristics that have nothing to do with genetics.

These Utah researchers should perhaps next apply their methodology to Christians. They can then discover Catholic genes and Protestant genes. And among Protestants they may further find Anglican genes, Lutheran genes, Methodist genes, Baptist genes-all the way down to Mormon genes in the Mormon capital of Salt Lake City, Utah. Their methodology is the kind of numerology that can be used to prove anything anywhere. In plain English, their science is just so much hot air." 
(source: Caste and Science: Hot Air and Cold Fusion - N.S. Rajaram).

The cradle that is India - By Subhash Kak

Ideas about early Indian history continue to play an important role in political ideology of contemporary India. On the one side are the Left and Dravidian parties, which believe that invading Aryans from the northwest pushed the Dravidians to south India and India's caste divisions are a consequence of that encounter. Even the development of Hinduism is seen through this anthropological lens. This view is essentially that of colonial historians which was developed over a hundred years ago.

Now, in an important book titled The Real Eve: Modern Man's Journey out of Africa (New York: Carroll and Graf Publishers, 2003), the prominent Oxford University scholar Stephen Oppenheimer has synthesised the available genetic evidence together with climatology and archaeology with conclusions which have bearing on the debate about the early population of India. This work has received great attention in the West, and it will also interest Indians tremendously.

Much of Oppenheimer's theory is based on recent advances in studies of mitochondrial DNA, inherited through the mother, and Y chromosomes, inherited by males from the father. Oppenheimer makes the case that whereas Africa is the cradle of all mankind; India is the cradle of all non-African peoples. Man left Africa approximately 90,000 years ago, heading east along the Indian Ocean, and established settlements in India. It was only during a break in glacial activity 50,000 years ago, when deserts turned into grasslands, that people left India and headed northwest into the Russian steppes and on into Eastern Europe, as well as northeast through China and over the now submerged Bering Strait into the Americas.

Oppenheimer concludes with two extraordinary conclusions: 'First, that the Europeans' genetic homeland was originally in South Asia in the Pakistan/Gulf region over 50,000 years ago; and second, that the Europeans' ancestors followed at least two widely separated routes to arrive, ultimately, in the same cold but rich garden. The earliest of these routes was the Fertile Crescent. The second early route from South Asia to Europe may have been up the Indus into Kashmir and on to Central Asia, where perhaps more than 40,000 years ago hunters first started bringing down game as large as mammoths.'

This synthesis of genetic evidence makes it possible to understand the divide between the north and the south Indian languages. It appears that the Dravidian languages are more ancient, and the Aryan languages evolved in India over thousands of years before migrations took them to central Asia and westward to Europe. The proto-Dravidian languages had also, through the ocean route, reached northeast Asia, explaining the connections between the Dravidian family and the Korean and the Japanese.

Perhaps this new understanding will encourage Indian politicians to get away from the polemics of who the original inhabitants of India are, since that should not matter one way or the other in the governance of the country. Indian politics has long been plagued by the Aryan invasion narrative, which was created by English scholars of the 19th century; it is fitting that another Englishman, Stephen Oppenheimer, should announce its demise.

(source: The cradle that is India - By Subhash Kak - rediff.com).

Also refer to www.bradshawfoundation.com/journey/

DNA Exposes India's Past

Mitochondrial DNA is passed on from one generation to next through mothers. DNA analysis allows scientists to trace our ancestry.  Recent studies of different people of the world has shown that humans originated in East
Africa and migrated north to Europe and west to India between 200,000 and 50,000 years ago.  The maternal lineages of the present day Indian is unique and very old.  There is some admixture with outsiders, especially along border regions.  But there is very small differences between Indians, whether they speak Indo-European or Dravidian language and whether they are of tribal origin or not. 
Prof. Richard Villems of Estonia believes that "the Aryan Invasion theory, in its classical form, is  dead already". This theory has very little archeological, astronomical, or literary support. The main purpose of inventing such a theory was to justify British domination of the subcontinent and create a class of educated (?) Indians who despised every thing 'Indian' and help the British rule over India. Now it is up to Hindus to weed out the vast array of myths generated by Aryan Invasion Theory.....

(source: Abstract of an article on "DNA Exposes India's Past", Hinduism Today, July/August 2001, P. 57).
Vasishtha Head - Vedic Aryan Head

In 1990, the Journal of Indo-European Studies carried an article entitled "Analysis of an Indo-European Vedic head- Fourth Millennium B.C."

The life size head has a hairstyle that the Vedas describe ad being unique to the family of Vasistha, one of the great seers who composed parts of the Rig-Veda. The hair is oiled and coiled with a tuft on the right, and their ears are riveted...Carbon -14 tests.. indicate that it was cast around 3,700 B.C.

This questions the Aryan Invasion Theory.

(source: The Empire of the Soul: Some Journeys into India - By Paul William Roberts  pg 306.).

Major anthropology find reported in India

Scientists report they have found evidence of the oldest human habitation in India, dating to 2 million years, on the banks of the Subarnarekha River. The 30-mile stretch between Ghatshila in the province of Jharkhand and Mayurbhanj in Orissa has reportedly yielded tools that suggest the site could be unique in the world, with evidence of human habitation without a break from 2 million years ago to 5,000 B.C.
Anthropologist S. Chakraborty told the Calcutta Telegraph: "There are no signs of terra incognito (a break in the continuum) in the Subarnarekha valley, unlike any other site in India. Some of the heavier tools resemble those found in the East African stone-age shelters, used by the Australopithecus." Chakraborty said the uninterrupted habitation could make the site more important than even the Aldovai Gorge in East Africa, the Somme Valley of France, Stonehenge in England, the Narmada basin in Madhya Pradesh and the Velamadurai- Pallavaram rectangle in Tamil Nadu.
(source: Major anthropology find reported in India - UPI).
Irish Scholars: Irish and Indian the Same People ?
By Gerhard Herm

Bryan Mcmahon, historian, scholar of folklore, teacher, a well known poet and much else besides, likes to test his favorite theories in
practice and to retail them with all the skill and timing of a seasoned performer. He told me: Whenever I meet an Indian I take him to one side and hum the first lines of an Irish folk-song. Then I ask him to continue the melody as he likes; and, believe it or not, almost every time he will sing it to the end as if he already knew the song. Isn't that astonishing?

For me it is an indication that Indians and Irishmen have a common past; that, as I put it in one of my plays, "We Celts came from the Mysterious East."

The late Myles Dillon, formerly Prof of Celtic at U of Dublin cites a whole series of further astonishing parallels between the culture of the Aryan Indians and the Irish Druids. (Druid from Dru=Oak Wid or Ved=Wisdom) His main contention is that in both cases there was a distinct class of scholars; the Brahmins in India, the highest reps in the Varna system; while in Ireland there were the 'wise men of the oak'. Dillon reckons that the Brahmins and the Druids should be equated because they carried out their profession-teaching and study, poetry and law-in a similar way.

There is evidence that this is so.

The principles by which justice was administered were similar, indeed identical with those in India. There a father with daughters but no sons could order one of them to take a man of his choice and produce a legal heir. beyond the Hindu Kush mountains, such a girl was called putrika (she who takes the son's place) and in old Ireland ban-chomarba (female-heir). But who if not the Continental Celts can have told the Irish what was going on in the far east? Dillon further notes similarities: in both cultures there were 8 different forms of marriage, from arranged marriages, marriage by purchase and love- matches to kidnapping. In both cultures there was a strict distinction between inherited and earned property and when contracts were drawn up there was an exact statement as to who was to provide what guarantees before obtaining what he wanted. In one case it was the Brahmins and in the other the Druids who administered these principles.

All this, Dillon says, suggests that the Celtic Druids indeed represented the same tradition as the Hindu Brahmins.... If we continue
to feel our way along the parallels between India and Gaul, sooner or later we sense that the Druids were also political leaders, just as the Brahmins clearly stood above generals and warriors.

The Druids, Caesar says, taught that "souls do not disappear but wander from one body to another'. Lucan in his Pharsalia-a verse epic about the Roman civil war-addressed them with the words: 'If we understand you aright, death is only a pause in a long life. 'Maybe he was right; if so, did the belief come from the Indo-European source that produced the Brahmins and the Druids? Or is it chance that lands as far apart as India and France produced a belief in metempsychosis? Does the fact that according to Scythian custom, crests depicted Eagles, wolves, bears as ancestors reflect the conviction of these people that the spirit of the dead goes through many life-forms, human and animal, as the Hindus believe? If so, do the Russian steppe people form a bridge between the cultures of the Far East and the Far West?...

...Ancient Author Diodorus's own most adventurous  suggestion-'they still hold Pythgoras's belief in the immortality of the soul and
rebirth.'...But since Pythagoras, with his strong influences from the east, was among the few great Hellinic philosophers who believed in the possibility of life after death, they could only conclude that his belief was related to the blond barbarians, (The Celts) or that they had taken theirs from him.

(source: The Celts - By Gerhard Herm).

Evidence from Indian tradition
The Aryan invasion theory and its reconstruction of India's ancient history is in head-on contradiction with Indian tradition on many points.
Vedic Lore: The Vedas nor any other Sanskrit scripture make any reference to an original homeland outside India, in fact, all descriptions of the Vedic homeland, called variously, Aryavarta, Bharatvarsha, Ila, etc., apply to the Indian subcontinent and nowhere else. The Rig Veda repeatedly refers to Saptasindu, or the seven rivers, a clear description of the Punjab with the Saraswati to the east, the Indus to the west, and its five tributaries in between, all the rivers are explicitly invoked in the nadi sukta (X.75).
As the historian P. T. Srinivasan Iyengar pertinently noted in 1926,
"A careful study of the Vedas...reveals the fact that Vedic culture is so redolent of the Indian soil and of the Indian atmosphere that the idea of the non-Indian origin of that culture is absurd." It is hard to imagine that the Vedic people, who had such a strong bond with their land and constantly praised or deified its mountains and forests and rivers, would not have carried into their culture the least memory of their supposed ancestral steppes away in Central Asia. A strange amnesia for people who cultivated their memory so methodically that they could transmit the four Vedas orally generation after generation to the present day. 
" As far as I can see," writes the eminent British archaeologist Colin Renfrew, 
"there is nothing in the Hymns of the Rigveda which demonstrates that the Vedic-speaking populations were intrusive to the area...Nothing implies that the Aryans were strangers there."
Thomas Trautmann, for instance traces the history of those illegitimate extrapolations, and concludes that "the Dasysys image of the 'dark-skinned savage' is only imposed on the Vedic evidence with a considerable amount of text-torturing."
Mark Kenoyer, a leading U.S. archaeologist who has worked on Harappan cities for over twenty years, refers to the "uncritical readings of the Vedic texts by some scholars." 
George Erdosy, a Canadian archaeologist, is refreshingly perceptive:
"Even apparently clear indications of historical struggles between dark aborigines and Arya conquerors turn out to be misleading....(The Dasas and Dasyus) appear to be demonic rather than human enemies...It is a cosmic struggle which is described in detailed (Vedic) accounts that are consistent with one another."
There is, however, a subtle paradox central to the old misinterpretation of the Veda: we are asked to believe that in a few centuries, the Aryans not only composed the Veda, but conquered Northern India, "imposed" over most of the subcontinent their culture and literature and founded on Sanskrit, then built up a great civilization from scratch in the Gangetic plains - quite a stunning development, if we remember that the said Aryans were pictured as semi-primitive pastoral and illiterate, and presumed to faced the opposition of the more civilized Dravidians. 
Not only that, the Rig Veda makes dozens of references to the sea or the ocean, which "clearly show a maritime culture," in the words of the Vedic scholar David Frawley: 
"The image of the ocean permeates the entire text of the Rig Veda." Even India's eastern and western oceans are clearly mentioned (X. 136.5), so are ships and shipping. All this does not fit with invaders from landlocked Central Asia, which is why this prominent aspect of the Rig Vedic environment was obscured by conventional scholars. Yet, according to a prominent Indian historian (A History of India History - By Romila Thapar, p. 43): "The earliest religious ideas of the Aryans were those of a primitive animism where the forces around them, which they could not control or understand, were invested with divinity and personified as male or female gods."
Epic and Puranic Lore:  According to Marxist historian, Romila Thapar, the great War described in the Mahabharata, is, the glorification of a "local feud" between two Aryan tribes sometimes between 1000 and 700 B.C: as for the Ramayana, the war between Rama and Ravana may have been originally "a description of local conflicts between the agriculturists of the Ganges Valley and the more primitive hunting and food-gathering societies of the Vindhyan region."!!!! One is left wondering whose imagination is the wilder - that of our Epic (Sanskrit) poets, if they could magnify "local conflicts" into virtual world wars and such "primitive societies into glorious kingdoms and empires full of great heroes, or that of our good historians, who can turn these Epics into such insipid tiffs. 
The Puranas explicitly mention migrations out of India.
(source: The Invasion That Never Was - By Michel Danino and Sujata Nahar  
***
The view that the Aryas were white in color and that they were divided into 3 classes – Brahmins, Kshatriyas and Vaisyas was proposed by some Western Indologists who telescoped race, color and varna.  Griffith deliberately introduced the notion of a racial conflict between the Aryas and the Dravidas based on color. The Vedic hymns have not made such a distinction nor implied any conflict between the two. Nor have the post-Vedic writings in Sanskrit, Pali, Prakrit and Tamil mentioned such a conflict. Indian writings have not attributed white color to Aryas or black to Dravidas. The color and racial conflict is a Western concoction. Any objective search for facts will explode several myths propagated by Western Indologists and their Indian fans.   
The Lotus-Eyed God. Keshava, One Who Has Long, Black Matted Locks. Krishna, Dark-Complexioned Lord.  It has been said that in Krishna we have the fullest and the most perfect manifestation of the Divine.

Om Tat Sat

                                                        

(Continued...) 

( My humble Pranam, Honour  and also gratefulness  to   Ms. Sushma Londhe ji for her  noble, magnanimous and eminent works on the   peerless  Wisdom of our Sacred Scriptures)

  

_{(My humble salutations to   , H H Swamyjis, Hindu Wisdom, great Universal Philosophers, Historians, Professors and Devotees   for the discovering  collection)}

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